{ "id": 207686, "title": "A glossary of terms: Some domain knowledge and points to consider", "url": "/competitions/vinbigdata-chest-xray-abnormalities-detection/discussion/207686", "author_name": "Ultron", "post_date": "2020-12-30T20:51:31.772000", "votes": 16, "comment_count": 3, "views": 0, "content": "
    \n

  1. X-Ray Normalization (credit @raddar, notebook: https://www.kaggle.com/raddar/popular-x-ray-image-normalization-techniques)

    \n

    Depending on the manufacturers of the devices, X-rays might be different for the same patient. Hence, it becomes a safe practice to apply contrast/brightness normalization on the images. Some of the techniques are:

    2. \n
\n", "messages": [ { "id": 1132983, "postDate": "2020-12-30T20:51:31.773Z", "content": "
    \n

  1. X-Ray Normalization (credit @raddar, notebook: https://www.kaggle.com/raddar/popular-x-ray-image-normalization-techniques)

    \n

    Depending on the manufacturers of the devices, X-rays might be different for the same patient. Hence, it becomes a safe practice to apply contrast/brightness normalization on the images. Some of the techniques are:

    2. \n
\n", "rawMarkdown": "1. **X-Ray Normalization** (credit @raddar, notebook: https://www.kaggle.com/raddar/popular-x-ray-image-normalization-techniques)\n\n Depending on the manufacturers of the devices, X-rays might be different for the same patient. Hence, it becomes a safe practice to apply contrast/brightness normalization on the images. Some of the techniques are:\n\n- **Histogram** normalization\nThe general idea is to make a pixel distribution uniform. This makes X-rays appear a little darker. This generates a view, which radiologists would not see in their standard workplace.\nSuch normalization is used in popular open-source X-ray datasets, such as [CheXpert](https://stanfordmlgroup.github.io/competitions/chexpert/). \n\n- **CLAHE(Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization)** normalization\nThis method produces sharper images and is quite often used in chest X-ray research. This generates a view, which radiologists would not see in their standard workplace too. However, it closely resembles the **bone-enhanced view** in some X-rays done (usually due to broken ribs).", "votes": 16 }, { "id": 1132993, "postDate": "2020-12-30T20:57:28.243Z", "content": "

Papers/articles on CLAHE (or related AHE topics and enhancement techniques):

\n", "rawMarkdown": "**Papers/articles on CLAHE (or related AHE topics and enhancement techniques):**\n- [An innovative technique for contrast enhancement of computed tomography images using normalized gamma-corrected contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13634-015-0214-1)\n- [Enhancement of Chest X-ray Images for Diagnosis Purposes ](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234656239.pdf)\n- [Multi-scale Morphological Image Enhancement of Chest Radiographs by a Hybrid Scheme](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4335146/)\n- [Adaptive Histogram Equalization(AHE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization)\n- [Image enhancement on digital x-ray images using N-CLAHE](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322004051_Image_enhancement_on_digital_x-ray_images_using_N-CLAHE)\n- [(IEEE)Image enhancement on digital x-ray images using N-CLAHE](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8229130)", "votes": 3 }, { "id": 1139161, "postDate": "2021-01-05T08:01:39.910Z", "content": "

Thanks a lot!Do you have any codes about CLAHE ?I'm working on it.🙏

", "rawMarkdown": "Thanks a lot!Do you have any codes about CLAHE ?I'm working on it.🙏" }, { "id": 1134526, "postDate": "2021-01-01T11:26:08.453Z", "content": "

good job.You have explained it nicely

", "rawMarkdown": "good job.You have explained it nicely" } ], "comments": [ { "id": 1132993, "author_name": "Ultron", "author_url": "", "post_date": "2020-12-30T20:57:28.243000", "content": "

Papers/articles on CLAHE (or related AHE topics and enhancement techniques):

\n", "votes": 3, "replies": [] }, { "id": 1139161, "author_name": "yusheng", "author_url": "", "post_date": "2021-01-05T08:01:39.910000", "content": "

Thanks a lot!Do you have any codes about CLAHE ?I'm working on it.🙏

", "votes": 0, "replies": [] }, { "id": 1134526, "author_name": "Ayush Srivastava", "author_url": "", "post_date": "2021-01-01T11:26:08.453000", "content": "

good job.You have explained it nicely

", "votes": 0, "replies": [] } ], "raw_markdown_by_id": { "1132983": "1. **X-Ray Normalization** (credit @raddar, notebook: https://www.kaggle.com/raddar/popular-x-ray-image-normalization-techniques)\n\n Depending on the manufacturers of the devices, X-rays might be different for the same patient. Hence, it becomes a safe practice to apply contrast/brightness normalization on the images. Some of the techniques are:\n\n- **Histogram** normalization\nThe general idea is to make a pixel distribution uniform. This makes X-rays appear a little darker. This generates a view, which radiologists would not see in their standard workplace.\nSuch normalization is used in popular open-source X-ray datasets, such as [CheXpert](https://stanfordmlgroup.github.io/competitions/chexpert/). \n\n- **CLAHE(Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization)** normalization\nThis method produces sharper images and is quite often used in chest X-ray research. This generates a view, which radiologists would not see in their standard workplace too. However, it closely resembles the **bone-enhanced view** in some X-rays done (usually due to broken ribs).", "1132993": "**Papers/articles on CLAHE (or related AHE topics and enhancement techniques):**\n- [An innovative technique for contrast enhancement of computed tomography images using normalized gamma-corrected contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13634-015-0214-1)\n- [Enhancement of Chest X-ray Images for Diagnosis Purposes ](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234656239.pdf)\n- [Multi-scale Morphological Image Enhancement of Chest Radiographs by a Hybrid Scheme](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4335146/)\n- [Adaptive Histogram Equalization(AHE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization)\n- [Image enhancement on digital x-ray images using N-CLAHE](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322004051_Image_enhancement_on_digital_x-ray_images_using_N-CLAHE)\n- [(IEEE)Image enhancement on digital x-ray images using N-CLAHE](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8229130)", "1139161": "Thanks a lot!Do you have any codes about CLAHE ?I'm working on it.🙏", "1134526": "good job.You have explained it nicely" } }